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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Page history last edited by PBworks 16 years, 4 months ago
 

1) The scientific name of this virus is:

  • Family = Retroviridae
  • Genus = Lentivirus
  • Species = Human Immunodeficiency virus

 

2) The disease caused by this virus is AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome): susceptibility to other diseases due to the breakdown of the immune system.

 

3) Picture of HIV

 

 

4) HIV can be transmitted through:

  • unprotected sexual intercourse
  • sharing needles for injecting drugs
  • unsterilized needles for tattooing, skin piercing and acupuncture
  • pregnancy, delivery and breast feeding
  • coming into contact with an infected person's blood (ex. when a person has a cut on their hand then shakes hands with someone who is infected)

 

5) Ways of preventing transmission:

  •  using latex condoms while sexually active active
  • abstaining/postponing sexual activity (safest)
  •  reducing number of sexual partners
  • never sharing needles or injection equipment
  • if getting a tattoo, skin piercing or acupuncture, ensuring that all equipment is sterile
  • if pregnant, talking to a doctor about tests to prevent transmission to baby
  • if HIV is a possibility, tests are crucial

 

6) The type of body cells attacked are: helper T-cells (vital immune system cells); macrophages (cells within the tissues that originate from particular white blood cells) abd dendritic cells (immune system cells, part of the mammalian immune system).

 

7) Some symptoms of infection are: fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, lack of energy, weight loss, short-term memory loss,  cough, shortness of breath, seizures, lack of coordination, difficult swallowing, confusion, vision loss, nausea, abdominal cramps, vomitting and coma. 

 

8) The body defends itself by using helper T-cells, which defend the body from all illnesses. That's why this disease is fatal, because the cells that are supposed to be protecting the body are the ones that the virus attacks and distroys first. 

 

9) There are no vaccines or cure so far for HIV, but there is an antiretroviral treatment which is also known as post-exposure prophylaxis. This is believed to lower the risk of infection if it it begun right after exposure to the virus.

 

10) 5 interesting facts: more than 60 000 000 people infected so far; 40 000 are infected in the US each year; 1 in 500 college students has it; 1 in 4 people infected don't even know they're infected; if these AIDS patterns continue- by 2020 AIDS could kill up to 100 000 000 people worldwide. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1)The scientific name for Human Immunodeficiency Virus is:

Family: Retroviridae

Genus: Lentivirus

 

 

2)HIV is the disease that caused by the virus Aids (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

 
3) picture of HIV structure
 
 
 
 
 
 
HIV can be transmitted by:
1)     Sexual contact- when a person is having unprotected sexual activity with someone who is infected
2)     Direct blood contact- sharing needles, syringes which is injected by the infected person or a cut touches the infected person’s blood
3)     Mother to baby- mother can pass the virus AIDS to her baby during her pregnant, delivery or breastfeeding.
 
Transmission can be prevented by:
1)     Avoid sharing needles or syringes
2)     Use Band-Aid to cover on a cut
3)     Use a condom when having sexual contact
4)     Blood test before having a baby
5)     Make sure that all the needles or earpiece is sterilized.
6)    Gloves should be worn during contact with blood
7) Hands and other parts of the body should be washed immediately after contact with blood
 
6) The type of body cell that attacked our human bodies is:

The virus attacks the T-cell of the immune system, cell of the brain, nervous system, digestive system, lymphatic system. T-cell has ability to fight the germ and diseases. When the virus attacks, it destroys T-cell which makes the cells no longer keep us health.

 
7)The symptoms of the infection are dry cough and unusual shortness of breath, fever, weight loss, headaches, confusion, swollen gland, new skin condition (rash, hives, and lump), pain or difficulty swallowing.
 
8) The body defend ourselves: the immune system has a collection of cells and protein which use and protect our body from virus and bacteria, also out immune system sends special cell to fight against the virus.
 
9) There is no Treatment for HIV. Once you have it, you cannot get rid of it. There is drug for HIV which works again HIV infection by slowing down the replication of HIV in the body.
 
10) 5 interesting facts
l   HIV has begun since the early 1980.
l   You cannot get HIV from kissing, hugging or holding hand, sneezing, coughing, talking to someone who has infected and mosquitoes do not transmit the aids virus.
l   There are 1.4million of people in North America living with HIV.
l   AIDS has killed more than 25 million people
l   0.38million children killed by AIDS in 2006
 
By Sharon ho
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
 
2. The disease caused by HIV is aids. If HIV is untreated the infection leads to this and attacks two different cell types that produce new viruses. It causes the immune system to weaken while the healthy cells are "battling" to destroy the infected cells.
 
 
4. The virus is transmitted through homosexual and heterosexual contact and contaminated blood. You can also be born with it or have it passed onto you through breast feeding.
 
5. You can avoid transmission by avoiding anything that involves exposure to infected body fluids. It can be passed through unprotected sexual intercourse or by sharing needles to inject drugs. The best thing to do is use latex condoms when sexually active and never sharing needles with another person. Pregnant women with HIV can also take medication to reduce the possibility of HIV transmission to her child.
 
6. HIV attacks two different cell types in the human body such as the lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and the T-cells. Lymphocytes and macrophages work together to produce new viruses in the body.
 
7. The symptoms of HIV begin with common cold and flu viruses.
Some other symptoms are: mono, stress, and anxiety.
Sometimes people have hardly any symptoms but they do have other common ones such as fever, fatigue, rashes, headache, swollen lymph nodes and soar throat.
 
8. For the body to defend itself the body's immune defense responds and tries to destroy over two billion infected cells daily to replace them with healthy ones. After a while of on going defence there aren't enough healthy cells to protect the immune system and it beings to weaken and become more vulnerable. When it becomes more vulnerable it is much easier for other common viruses to attack the body and get you sick.
 
9. There is a treatement called "HIV antiretrovial treatment" which is the main type of treatment. It doesn't cure it because there isn't a cure for this at the moment but it can prevent illness for many years. Once you have HIV you are stuck with it for life.
 
10. 5 Interesting Facts:
        1. HIV leads to AIDS which is a leading killer of people aged 15 to 44.
        2. People in the Dominican Repbulic are often discriminated about this which actually discourages them to seek testing or treatment which could in the future
            help them out.
        3. 70,000 people in the Dominican Republic are HIV positive.
        4. HIV deathrate in America is 4.9 per 100,000 people.
        5. HIV is not spread through sneezes, coughs, mosquitos, towels, toilet seats or doorknobs.
 
by: Andrea Subasic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1) Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

 

2) - It can lead to acquired immunodeficiency

    - Aids caused by HIV

 

 3)  Human Immunodeficiency Virus

 - HIV is different in structures

 - 120 nm in diameter

 - roughly spherical

 

4) It is transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre - ejaculate, and breast milk.

 

5) - Safe sex

    - safe needles

    - safe razor and blade

    - safe blood

    - safe motherhood

 

6) It attacks white blood cells, the immune system.

 

7) HIV Symptons

 

- Rapid weight loss

- dry cough

- recurring fever or profuse night sweats

- profound and unexplained fatigue

- wollen lymph glands in the armpits, groin or neck

- Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week

- white spots or unusual blemishes or the tongue, in the mouth, nose or eyelids

- memory loss, depression, and other neurological disorders

 

8) The body works hard o attack the virus, but after time passes teh virus attacks your T - cells and so many are killed that your body can no longer fight off the infection

 

9) There is an HIV vaccine, its called Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). It allows stabilisation for a patient, but it does not cure HIV.

 

10) - HIV is the leading killer of people aged 15 to 44 in the Caribbean.

 

- At least 70 000 of the Dominican Republic's 9 million people are HIV positive.

 

- Among prostitutes about 3.6 percent are infected

 

- HIV death rate most recent by state is #1 in District of Columbia 40.8% per 100 000 people

 

- In Swaziland more than one ine three 15 - 49 year old has contracted HIV

 

 

 By: Liz Yim

 

 

 

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